History of The Number Zero "0"

Do not underestimate the number zero. Imagine, what would happen if the sequence of numbers there are only nine numbers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9) without the zero? Of course problems will arise, for example, which show the number of tens, hundreds, thousands, millions, or tens of millions?Well, in the presence of zero, all problems were solved trapped. Thanks to zero, arithmetically become increasingly widespread and function properly.

In addition to the essential function, the zeros also have a long history. Where does the actual numbers come from? And who are its inventors? Perhaps many thought, scientist inventor Europeans. Indeed, the zeros would be found by Muslim scientists. He is Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. He was born in Khwarizmi (now Khiva), Uzbekistan, in 194 H/780 AD

Not much information is explained in depth about the figure and life history of Al-Khwarizmi. However, there is a brief history of the book of Ibn al-Fihrist an-Nadim, which also explains the works he wrote.

It says, Al-Khwarizmi to her almost all his work between the years 813-833 ga hing. After Islam came to Persia and Baghdad became the center of science and trade, many traders and scientists from China and India come to the city, including Al-Khwarizmi.

There, he became part of the scientists who worked at the Bayt al-Hikmah (House of Wisdom), a research and development of science that was founded by Ma'mun ar-Rashid, the Abbasid caliph seventh. By the professor of Islamic studies at Temple University United States, Mahmoud Ayoub, Bayt al-Hikmah referred to as the first institution of higher education in the Islamic world and the West. In this institution, Al-Khwarizmi studied the natural sciences and mathematics, as well as translation of the Sanskrit and Greek manuscripts.

Long ago, before Al-Khwarizmi introduced the zero, the scientists used a kind of list that distinguishes units, tens, hundreds, thousands, and so on it. List known as the abacus is working to keep each number in numbers not to be confused with each other from their place or position in a matter.

They apply to the 12th century AD, when Western scientists began to choose to use al-binji raqm (Arabic numerals) in their number system. Raqm albinji use the number "zero" is adopted from India figures, to present his decimal numbering system that has not been used before.Now, through his first book, Al-Mukhtasar fi al-Jabr wa reckoning al-muqabalah (Summary and Comparison of Algebraic Computation), Al-Kha ka ang warizmi introduce zero in Arabic called shifr. It also discusses the monumental work of the systematic solution of linear and quadratic notation.The book was translated in London in 1831 by English mathematician, Fredrick Rosen, and then edited in Arabic in 1939 by two mathematicians of Egypt, Ali Mustafa and Muhammad Mursi Ahmad Musyarrafa. Previously, pa da 12th century, work was also mentioned as translated by the mate matikawan from Chester, England, Robert (Latin: Robertus Castrensis), under the title Liber-mucabola Algebras et al.

Still in the same century, Latin-language book was later edited by mathematicians from New York, LC Karpinski. To both versions, De Jebra et Almucabola, written by Gerard da Cremona (1114-1187), mathematician and translator of Italian origin. The book was written by Gerard touted better and even surpass Rozen Fredrick book.

Thus, although the first has been introduced in the mid-ninth century, new zeros are known and used by Western scientists two and a half centuries later. Following the introduction of the zero by Al-Khwarizmi is the first zero is used as a place holder in a position-based notation. The world needs to thank the scientists on this one because with the introduction of zeros, numbers 2012 and 212 can be distinguished.

In the 12th century, the Muslim Council of Spanish mathematics, Meir ibn Ibrahim ibn Ezra, wrote three treatises on numbers which carry the symbols of India and decimal fractions to Europe up to get attention from a number of scientists there. The title of her treatise The Book of Numbers describes the decimal system for integers with place values ​​from left to right. Ibn Ezra uses zero as galgal (meaning wheel or circle).

Subsequently, in 1247, mathematician China, Ch'in Chiu-Shao wrote Mathematical Treaties in Nine Sections that use the symbol O for zero. And in 1303, Zhu Shijie use the same symbol for zero in his works Jade mirror of the Four Elements. Number system is further developed in Europe.Al-Khwarizmi, the scientist behind the discovery of the ma te matika the 9th century, the death in Baghdad in about 850 AD